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| Biochemistry of Deficiency |
5. Immune System
Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant, protecting against free radicals that can damage cell
membranes, proteins and DNA. It also enhances the proliferation and activity of
specialised cells and antibodies in blood and lymph systems that protect the body against
infections (viruses and bacteria) and fight them when they arise. As a result during
deficiency, the immune response is slower and less pronounced. Any challenge to the immune
system, be it infection or trauma, will utilise vitamin C and deplete tissues.
6. Nervous System
Guinea pigs are easily stressed. In response to stress cortisol (a corticosteroid) and
adrenaline and noradrenaline (catecholamines) are released from the adrenal glands.
Vitamin C is required for their synthesis, and hence during stressful situations the
animal's requirement is increased, and tissue stores may be depleted. Continued low levels
of stress or fear can be just as detrimental to the guinea pig.
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